Desired Dough Temperature (Mixing Water)
The mixing-water temperature to hit a target finished dough temperature (DDT), since fermentation speed tracks dough temperature. Water is the one factor the baker controls: water = DDT x N - (the other temperatures + friction). Straight dough has 3 factors: water = DDT x 3 - (flour + room + friction); add a preferment for 4: water = DDT x 4 - (flour + room + preferment + friction). The FRICTION FACTOR is the mixer's temperature rise, measured per mixer (~0-5 F hand, ~24-30 F spiral). For a 75 F DDT with 68 F flour, 72 F room, 24 F friction: water = 75 x 3 - 164 = 61 F. If the answer is below freezing, add part of the water as weighed ICE; if very hot, the friction factor is likely wrong. A working setpoint; the measured friction factor for the mixer/batch and the finished-dough reading govern.
Formula and source
factor_count = preferment_temp_f > 0 ? 4 : 3; water_temp_f = desired_dough_temp_f x factor_count - (flour_temp_f + room_temp_f + friction_factor_f + (preferment used ? preferment_temp_f : 0)).
Desired dough temperature (DDT) mixing-water calculation (Hamelman, Bread; Bread Bakers Guild of America / San Francisco Baking Institute), by name; the measured friction factor for the specific mixer and batch and the baker's finished-dough temperature reading govern.
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