EV Charge Time (AC Level 2)
How long an EV charge takes, which ev-charger-load never answers: energy = capacity x (target - start), and the AC charge power is the LESSER of the wall EVSE and the vehicle's onboard charger. A 75 kWh EV from 20 to 80% (45 kWh) on an 11.5 kW EVSE with a 7.7 kW onboard charger charges at only 7.7 kW -> 6.6 hr at 88% efficiency, and the tile flags the EVSE as oversized; a car with an 11.5 kW onboard charger finishes the same charge in 4.4 hr. The onboard-charger bottleneck is why a bigger EVSE often does not charge faster. Constant-power AC Level 2 model (DC fast charging tapers); the vehicle's charging curve governs.
Formula and source
energy = capacity x (target - start)/100; charge_power = onboard > 0 ? min(evse, onboard) : evse; time_hr = energy / (charge_power x efficiency/100).
AC Level 2 EV charge-time model (SAE J1772 onboard-charger limit; charging losses), first-principles; the vehicle's charging curve governs the actual profile.
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