Hiking Time (Naismith's Rule)
Backcountry / SAR trip-time estimate by Naismith's rule: horizontal distance / pace plus 1 hour per 600 m (about 2000 ft) of ascent, scaled by a terrain / fatigue factor, reported in hours and h:min (first-principles plus the canonical Naismith ascent rate; a planning estimate, distinct from pacing-distance which gives distance from a pace count).
Formula and source
Naismith's rule: time = horizontal distance / pace + ascent / (600 m per hour); total = that x terrain/fatigue factor. Default pace 5 km/h (3 mph).
Naismith's rule (W. W. Naismith, 1892) for hill-walking time, plus the canonical 1-hour-per-600 m ascent rate, by name; first-principles, public domain.
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