Carbon Equivalent and Preheat Screen
IIW carbon equivalent CE = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15 from the steel chemistry, with a plain-English weldability / preheat band (the formula adopted in AWS D1.1; a screen, not a welding procedure).
Formula and source
CE_IIW = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15. Bands: < 0.35 readily weldable; 0.35-0.55 preheat advised; > 0.55 high hardenability.
The IIW carbon-equivalent formula as adopted in AWS D1.1 Structural Welding Code, by name; published formula.
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