Thin-Wall Pressure Vessel Hoop and Longitudinal Stress
Hoop stress sigma_h = P D/(2t) and longitudinal sigma_l = P D/(4t) = half the hoop (why cylinders split lengthwise), valid for D/t >= 20. A 12 in tank, 0.25 in wall, 150 psi -> 3,600/1,800 psi. Not a substitute for the ASME BPVC or the engineer of record.
Formula and source
sigma_h = P D/(2 t); sigma_l = P D/(4 t); D/t (thin-wall if >= 20); DCR = sigma_h / S_allow.
The thin-wall pressure-vessel membrane-stress relations (Barlow / mechanics of materials), by name.
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